JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.
| dc.contributor.author | Kaske, Karta | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2020-03-11T09:45:57Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2020-03-11T09:45:57Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2020-03-11 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10206 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Increasing food availability without any compromise to the environmental and social sustainability demands critical planning and exploitation of other solutions than field level yield increases. Reducing storage losses can be a viable strategy to increase food availability. Among others, insects are important causes of losses in stored cereals. The aim of the present studies was to understand the current status of storage insects and their associated losses under farmers’ storage conditions and to identify suitable insect management options for designing of an integrated approach for stored wheat and maize. One kg samples of stored wheat were collected from a total of 150 farmers in five districts viz. Ofla, Wenberma, Lemu, Gedeb, and Hetosa. Similarly, maize samples were collected in June 2016 from a total of 150 farming households distributed in five maize growing districts vis. Merawi, Wenberma, Chelia, Toke Kutaye, and Alaba. Postharvest preservation options vis. (1) Metal silos, (2) Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS) bags, (3) Super GrainPro bags, (4) industrial filter cake dust applied to wheat in polypropylene bag, (5) plastic drums, 6) Triplex applied to wheat in polypropylene bag, 7) Triplex applied to wheat in plastic drum, and 8) polypropylene bag as control were tested for wheat storage. A separate study was also conducted to determine the efficacy of filter cake (silica-based inert dust) on the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) and lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) in stored wheat. Filter cake dust of ≤0.4 mm particle size was admixed with 500 g of wheat seed to provide nominal rates of 10000, 7500, 5000, and 2500 ppm (mg/kg), while the control treatment consisted of wheat seeds that were untreated. In another study, the response of different varieties of wheat seed to the infestation by the granary weevil, Sitophilus granarius (L.) and rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) at optimal and sub-optimal temperatures was determined. Seeds of six wheat varieties namely, Danda’a, Digalu, ET-13-A2, Kakaba, Millennium, and Pavon-76 were examined at temperatures of 19 and 30oC over a period of 90 d. Finally, two on-farm experiments (in Wenberma and Merawi districts of West Gojjam) and a perception survey were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of hermetic storage bags and to assess farmers’ perceptions towards the utility of the technologies. . The results showed that the storage loss of wheat to insects was 0.7 to 2.5% with a national average of 1.5%; and the predominant insects detected were Sitophilus spp (S. oryzae/ S. zeamais), Sitophilus granarius, Sitotroga cerealella. Storage loss of maize to insects was 4.2 to 8.1% with a national average of 6.0%; and the predominant primary insects detected were Sitophilus zeamais, Sitotroga cerealella. The inert dust such as filter cake and Triplex were effective in preserving wheat seed. Hard wheat varieties were least suitable for weevil population development at 30oC as well as 19oC temperatures and S. granarius was more devastating compared with S. oryzae. Future works should focus on the integration of the tested strategies in order to combat storage losses. | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.subject | Postharvest Technology | en_US |
| dc.title | Evaluation of Integrated Management Options to Protect Stored Wheat and Maize from Insects | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
