The major challenge in liver cancer detection is detecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is one of the most common types of primary malignant liver cancer, and it has become a leading cause of cancer death in ...

Universal mobile telecommunication system(UMTS) is an interference-limited system since frequency reuse factor is one (FR-1) for all uniquely coded User Equipment(UE). Inter-cell Interference(ICI) has been still a challenging ...

Millimeter wave massive multiple input multiple output (mmWave mMIMO) with lens an-tenna array known as beamspace (BS) system can reduce dimension of mmWave mMIMO system and required number of radio frequency (RF) chains ...

Now a day’s communications with high data rate as well as more band width is the most important need of the whole world. Free space optical communication network (FSO) is line of sight wireless communication technology. ...

Gigabit passive Optical Network (GPON) is a fiber-based access network that provides huge bandwidth in a cost effective and power efficient manner. The building blocks of passive optical network (PON) consists Optical Line ...

With the advancement in the communication systems, there is need for large bandwidth to send more data at higher speed. Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) - Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) is important due to ...

Optical fiber are used for high capacity system compared to electrical mediums and this high capacity is linked to wavelength division multiplexing system so optical fibers are employed to transmit data, voice and other ...

The rapid growth of wireless communication system has put pressure on radio spectrum usage. Due to the widely used fixed spectrum access, spectrum utilization is very low. In order to overcome this problem, cognitive radio, ...