Abstract:
The study was conducted in selected urban Kebeles of Bahir Dar city and Bahir Dar tannery. The objective of the study was to assess the perception and practices of producers (homestead slaughter), butchers, collectors and market actors on the animal slaughtering technique they used, hide and skin management during and post slaughtering., defects affecting quality of hides and skins and market chain in Bahir Dar city and to examine the pre, slaughter and post slaughter defects at wet blue or pickled stage. A total of 400 hide and skin producer households in 9 urban kebeles were randomly selected and incorporated in the questionnaire survey.Data was collected through interviews using semistructured questionnaire, observation and field visit. Data was analyzed using SPSS software , excel and reported using descriptive statistics. Indices were used to present ranking. The major constraints for skin and production werediseaseandparasitewasrankedasfirstconstraintfollowed by poor husbandry practices, poor slaughter operation (fly cut)of hide and skin withthe indicesvalue of 0.23,0.22, 0.15, respectively.The common defects attributed to quality deterioration inwet blue hide were purification(73.8%), followed by cockle (72%), grain scratching (67.2%), flay cut (48%),scars/wound (21.6%), branding (9.2%), and grain crack (3.7%) and veinness (3.5%). The most prevalent defects on sheep skin were cockle (71.9%), purification (67.2%), flay cut (33.6%),veinnes(14.1%),scar/wound (10.7%),and poor pattern(1%).A higher prevalence of purification (59.1%) was observed in goat skins followed cockle (27.3%), grain crack(27.1%), veinnes (26.8%), scratch (19.3) ,flay cut (21.6%) ,scar (13.3% )and poor pattern (3.6%) and other defects. There were very few (12.2%) sheep and (0.3%) goat skin and (4.7%) cattle hides in the third grades whereas majority of sheep skin (62.8%), goat skin (77.9%) and cattle hide (63.3%) were in the grades from 4-6. Significant number of hides (28.9%), sheep (23.2%) and (21.8%) goat skin are classified as reject (grade 7).The high proportions of sheep pickled skin grade in order of importance, were grade 7 grade 4, grade 6, grade 5, grade 3 and grade 2. Grade 1-3 accounts 14% and grade 4-7 accounts 86% of the total observation. The high proportion of wet blue hide grade lied in lower grades 4-7 which accounts 92.2% and the higher grades 1-3 accounts only (7.8%) of the total observations. The high proportions of goat wet blue skin grade, in order of importance, were grade 5 grade 6, grade 7, grade 4, grade 3and none of the goat skins were in grade one and two confirming that almost all lied in the lower grades 4-7 and a very few proportion (0.3%) lied in grade 3. Almost half of the producers (51.6%) sold their raw hide and skins to middlemen followed by collection centers (34.2%) and some soldto local traditional skin processors (14.2%). On the other hand, most middlemen (84.6%) sold their raw hides and skins to collection centers and some sold to local processors (15.4%). Majority of the collection centers (80.0%) sold their raw hide and skin to Bahir-Dar tannery and the rest (20.0%) sold to other collection center. Among the identified constraintsforhide and skinmarketing wasrankedlow selling price asfirstwiththeindicesvalueof0.23, followed bylack of price information, distance of marketand transportation,lack of competitive market and lack of price information wererankedassecond,third and fourthwiththe indicesvalueof0.22, 0.166,and 0.13, respectively.Therefore, it is recommended that hide and skin quality improvement programs should include good animal management practices, health service delivery, effective disease control strategies, animal transportation and slaughtering facilities , and post slaughter hide and skins management are suggested to enhance the quality of skins and hides.