Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is one of the cerial crops in both area coverage and production in Ethiopia; however, its productivity is still lower due to absence of adapted varieties. Hence, a study on genetic variability is mandatory to identify and develop adapted varieties. Forty-nine tef genotypes were evaluated in 2022 to quantify the genetic variability of traits, and determine the association among traits using a simple lattice design. The analysis of variance result revealed the mean square values due to genotypes were very highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) for grain filling period, plant height, main shoot panicle length, fertile tiller number, lodging index, above ground biomass yield and grain yield. The highest estimated phenotypic and genotypic coefficients were recorded for days to heading(60.5-122.59), grain filling period(63.44-133.54), days to maturity(31.85-92.54), plant height(133.27-209.96),, main shoot panicle length(41.33-76.08) and loading index(29.94-50.40). The highest heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of mean (GAM) was recorded for above ground biomass yield, plant height and grain yield, implying the possibility of improving through effective direct selection. In addition, grain yield is positively and significantly correlated with above ground biomass yield both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Above ground biomass yield (rg=0.85 and rp=0.55) and harvest index (rg=0.84 and rp=0.59) showed highest magnitude in path coefficients analysis at both phenotypic and genotypic levels.The 49 tef genotypes were clustered into four groups with an inter cluster distance ranging from 23.31 to 50.74. The first three principal components (PCs) accounted for 73% of the total genetic variation.