Onion is a common and widely used spice crop all over the world. It is a semi-perishable vegetable, and in many underdeveloped countries, like Ethiopia, poor agricultural and postharvest practices resulted in increased losses. The aim of the study was to assess the postharvest handling and shelf life on onion seed and bulb and data was gathered from 123 onionproducing households using semi-structured questioners, focus group discussions. The whole onion value chain was recorded and analyzed using SPSS version 22. The survey found that the majority of onion growers in the research region did not follow the suggested onion irrigation cultural practices. Lack of improved onion seeds is another crucial factor contributing to low onion productivity in the study area. The onion production system under farmer's practice is characterized by low rates of fertilizer application, low population of onion plants per unit area, high incidence of disease and insect pests, pesticide shortages, and pesticide adulteration. As a result, farmers' onion productivity was low 75q/ha) compared to regional production (122.82q/ha) and Central Gondar Zone (102.9).Shortage of irrigation water, high costs of irrigation equipment, shortage of genuine spare parts and accessories, shortage of pesticides and their adulteration, limited supply of improved onion seeds and lack of storage facilities, lack of skills and knowledge, high incidence of diseases and insect pests, and weak extension and credit services were the major constraints to onion production in the study area. It is required to overcome the challenges mentioned above by training, extension operations, and boosting the availability of inputs in order to increase onion output and productivity in Takussa district. The germination test of four seed sources of onion seed and bulbs were conducted in the laboratory of Bahir Dar University and at Takussa farmer’s field respectively. Treatments consisted of fouronion bulbs and seeds source (Mekonta, Chankie, Bergen and Achera) laid out in complete randomized design(CRD) and randomized complete block design(RCBD)replicated three times in laboratory and field test respectively. The results showed highly significant differences among seed sources in onion seeds germination and non-germination percentage. The results of ANOVA also showed significant differences among bulb sources in onion seeds germination and non-germination percentage. The highest germination percentage was found to be 90.2% in Bergen seed source. However, in the case of bulbs, the higher values for germination percentage 67.5% was observed in onion bulbs germination count after 12 days. This result shows onion seeds were higher germination percentage than onion bulbs. Therefore, onion seeds are recommended to use for production of onion in the study area and similar agro ecological zones.