Characterization and evaluation of landraces is a key step in finding reliable traits. Although the barley collection in Ethiopia is increasing in number, the accessions collected lack effective characterization and evaluation. Therefore this study aims to determine the extent and pattern of genetic diversity of barley landrace and association of traits. Sixty three barley accessions and five checks were evaluated using augmented block design in 2021 main cropping season at Mecha Woreda. Twelve quantitative and eight qualitative traits were considered for the study. Analysis of variance showed significant difference (p<0.05) for ten traits. Genotypic coefficient of variations (GCV) ranged from 4.26% for days to maturity to 32.05% for grain yield. Phenotypic coefficient of variations (PCV) varied from 6.53% for days to maturity to 34.29% for grain yield. Estimates of genetic advance as percent of mean ranged from 5.77% for days to maturity to 61.8% for grain yield. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation analysis indicated that grain yield had positive and significant correlation with days to heading, grain filling period, biomass yield, harvest index, thousand seed weight and plant height. Path analysis further revealed that biomass yield, harvest index and days to maturity showed positive and highest direct effect on grain yield. The first three principal components (PCs) explained 67% of the total variation. Cluster analysis grouped the sixty eight barley genotypes in to four distinct classes consisting of two to thirty seven individuals. Estimate of Shannon-Wiener diversity index H’ varied from 0.24 for growth habit to 1 for kernel row number. Accessions that possess high grain yield advantage over the current improved varieties were found. Results obtained from this study indicates the presence of a wide range of morphological and genetic diversity among the studied landraces and needs the consideration of plant breeding programs for proper utilization the superior accessions found in this study.