Permanent consumption of higher concentrations causes both dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. The WHO guideline value for fluoride in drinking water is 1.5 mg/l. High fluoride concentrations are particularly critical in developing countries, largely because of lack of suitable infrastructure for treatment (Feenstra et al., 2007). Thus, the development of cost-effective, locally available, and environmentally respectful adsorbents for fluoride removal from contaminated water sources is absolutely required. This study was developing surface modified wood charcoal by aluminum hydroxide. Characterization of the raw and modified adsorbent was carried out using proximate analysis, FTIR, and XRD. Surface modification of charcoal was accomplished by an Aluminum hydroxide functionalization process, using Al2 (SO4)3.18H2O as the aluminum bearing solution. The experimental study was designed to use a full factorial approach with a 3 3 which were the three factors with the three levels and with runs in duplicate by State Ease Design Expert 13 software. The batch adsorption method was used to experimental defluoridation of water. The effects of various parameters affecting fluoride removal efficiency, such as adsorbent dose, contact time, and initial fluoride concentration were studied. The moisture content, ash content, volatility, fixed carbon and bulk density of the modified adsorbent were 5.24%, 3.5%, 18%, 72.1%, and 0.432 g/ml respectively. Those characteristics of material indicate the possibility of materials for adsorption. The maximum fluoride removal efficiency (88.5%) was obtained at adsorbent dose 1.5gm, contact time 120 min, and initial fluoride concentration of 15mg/L. The amount of fluoride removal increased as the initial concentration of fluoride decreased and also increased as the contact time and amount of adsorbent increased at neutral pH of the solution. The adsorption data were well fitted to Langmuir isotherm (R 2 =0.9905) model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 15 mg/g compared to Freundlich isotherm (R 2  = 0.9887) to describe the adsorption characteristics of fluoride on aluminum hydroxide modified charcoal. The adsorption kinetics was fitted in a pseudo second order rate equation with R 2 =0.98. Keywords: charcoal; defluoridation; aluminum hydroxide; adsorption isotherm, and kinetics