The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among English language proficiency components (reading proficiency, vocabulary proficiency and grammar proficiency) and academic ~~chievement of Bahir Dar preparatory school social scie~-ce students in Bahir Dar town. A proficiency test which consisted of 30 reading comprehension, 30 vocabulary and 30 grammar items was administered to the participants to collect data on their reading proficiency, vocabulary proficiency and <, grammar proficiency. The proficient test was constructed by English language teachers of Bahir Dar University. Data on academic' achievement was collected from the scores of the participants in five subjects (History, Geo~nq.z...h. y, Civics, Business and Economics) over a semester/Thep articipants of the study were 150 (92 females and 58 males) social science students form Bahir Dar preparatory school. Accordingly it was found that student reading proficiency, vocabulary proficiency and grammar proficiency positively significantly correlated with their academic achievement and the result of the multiple regreslion shows that reading proficiency, vocabulary proficiency and grammar proficiency are signific'a nt predictors of students' academic achievement. Based on the findings, some recommendations were forwarded which mainly focused on how students' English language proficiency increase in order to make them successful in their academic achievement .