Chicken product is the primary commodity for developing country to increase the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), food security and self-sufficiency. The research was conducted in Farta Woreda, which is located in South Gondar Administrative Zone and 105km and 666km far from Bahir Dar and Addis Ababa, respectively. The objective of the study were to assess farmer’s perception on hay box brooder and to evaluate the least cost ration on Sasso and indigenous breed’s performance under onfarm condition of the South Gondar Zone. The study was consisted survey and experiment to assess the farmers’ perception about the hay box brooder and to evaluate the hay box, least cost ration on growth performance of Sasso and indigenous breeds for eight and twenty four weeks, respectively. A total 450 Sasso and 150 Indigenous day-old chicks were randomly divided into five dietary groups in completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications for 60 and 168 days feeding trial for Sasso and indigenous, respectively. A total of 60 Sasso and indigenous matured chicken were randomly selected from each replication for carcass evaluation. The results obtained indicated that, 100% of the households had no awareness of how to use hay box brooders for their chicks growing. After evaluation of the hay box, about 86.7% of the farmers said that the construction of hay box brooder is easy and 53.3, 33.3, and 13.4% of households have grouped the efficiency of hay box as very good, excellent, and good respectively. The majority (80%) of the households who were supposed to use hay box brooder were suitable for exotic breeds rather than indigenous breeds. The increased levels of substitution of a commercial diet with a least cost ration significantly depressed (p<0.001) mean daily feed consumption. Growth rate as measured by mean daily weight gain, mean final body weight, and total feed consumption were significantly lower (p<0.001) in an increased least cost ration. Accordingly, edible carcass components of chicken on 0, 25, 50, and 75% at least cost ration was significantly (P<0.001) higher than 100% least cost ration. The slaughter weight, breast, drumstick, thigh muscle, and dressing percentage of Sasso and the indigenous breed was significantly (P<0.001) lower on the 100% least cost ration as compared to the others. Generally, up to 50% of expensive commercial diets could be economically replaced with the least cost ration without adversely affecting the growth and carcass performance of chicks.