Abstract:
Sugar is a natural sweetener used in food processing sectors especially soft drink manufacturing companies used refined white sugar as a main ingredient and these companies are enforced to use standard refined white sugar or use activated carbon for the application of sugar color treatment. In this research, spent coffee ground (SCG) was used for sugar syrup decolorization and the objective of this work is also to minimize the environmental pollution by converting SCG to activated carbon for sugar syrup decolorization purpose for soft drink manufacturing companies. This research focused on the preparation of spent coffee ground activated carbon by H3PO4 at carbonization temperature of 450 ℃ for 1h, proximate analysis was conducted for spent coffee ground as well as prepared activated carbon; surface area, pore size and surface functional groups were also analyzed with Surface area result of 536.62 m2 /g ,26.48 Å pore diameter or 2.6 nm and cumulative pore volume of 1.54 -1 cc respectively. The functional groups; carboxylic acid (-COOH), phenolic (-OH), lactone (-C= O), carbonyl (-C= O), and quinone (-C= O) which verified the prepared activated carbon is compatible for sugar decolorization. The research design had 17 experimental runs using design expert software with three factors (activated carbon dose, contact time and sugar syrup brix), three levels and one response. The effects of process parameters such as activated carbon dose, contact time and sugar syrup brix on adsorption efficiency were investigated and the maximum decolorization efficiency (53.44%) of activated carbon was found at activated carbon dose of 1.5%, contact time of 60 min and sugar syrup ºbrix of 55. Design expert software with response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Bohnken design (BBD) was used for optimization of process parameters optimal decolorization efficiency, activated carbon dose, brix of sugar syrup and contact time results of 39.2% ,0.65% ,55 ºbrix and 60 min respectively found, and the same software used for statical data analysis. Prepared activated carbon was compared with commercial activated carbon and the results showed an advance of 12.35% decolorization efficiency difference for commercial activated carbon. The results conclude the locally prepared activated carbon from spent coffee ground could be employed as a substituent alternative for commercially imported activated carbon for sugar syrup decolorization purpose on the field of soft drink manufacturing companies.