Climate variability poses a significant threat to many sectors of the economy in sub-Saharan Africa. Agriculture is one of the most climate-sensitive sectors as it relies on rain-fed agriculture. Therefore this study assessed the Analysis of Climate change and smallholder farmer adaptation strategies with the Determinant Factors to reduce /minimize climate variability challenges in the Gazo District of Ethiopia. The study was carried out by collecting data from 196 randomly selected households in three sample Kebeles using a survey questionnaire, field observation, and focus group discussion and was analyzed using both descriptive statistics and variability trends using empirical data (temperature and rainfall) tested using Mann Kendall’s non-parametric trend test with Sen.’s slope were used to annual and seasonal trends. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to identify factors influencing farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies to climate change. It showed that Annual, Kiremit, Bega, and Belg rainfall have declined with decadal at a rate of 8.48mm, 5.5mm, 1.33mm, and 0.72mm, respectively at a significant level except for the Belg season. Annual maximum and minimum temperature for the last 30 years (1991-2021) shows that increasing trend at a rate of 0.035 ℃ and 0.0016℃ respectively. The result of the study revealed that changing crop variety; mixed crop and livestock, irrigation, integrated pest management, and soil and water conservation were the most adaptation strategies to climate change practiced by farmers in the study area. The multinomial logistic regression model revealed that sex, the experience of farmers (age), access to input, extension service, land size, and availability of water were identified as the most determinant factors of farmers’ choice of adaptation strategies. So it is imperative to consider these factors while designing a planned adaptation.