Abstract:
This work investigated the effect of cooking (Boiling, Steaming) and drying methods
(Oven, Solar, and FARD – Fan-assisted room drying) on the quality attributes of instant
mashed potato flakes (IMPF). The random complete block design was used to analyze
the effect of cooking and drying methods on proximate values, nutritional constituents,
physical properties, and sensory values of potato flakes. Results suggest that proximate
values were not significantly affected by the cooking and drying method and their
interaction except for moisture content which was higher for FARD (8.79) and lower
(7.65) for oven-dried samples. Vitamin C results showed steaming (4.44mg/100gm)
retained higher vitamin C than boiling (3.78mg/100gm) and FARD samples
(4.55mg/100gm) also retained higher vitamin C compared to solar (4.19 mg/100gm)
and oven (3.59 mg/100gm), respectively. Lightness was affected by drying methods,
oven-dried samples were least to retain L* however redness a* and yellowness b* were
not significantly different with cooking and drying methods and with their interactions.
A significant difference (p<0.05) in particle size was observed in the sample dried by
oven compared to solar and FARD. Functional properties - water absorption and oil
absorption capacity were affected (p<0.05) by only drying methods. The water
absorption index was significantly higher for oven-dried samples and the oil absorption
capacity was significantly higher for solar-dried samples. based on sensory analysis the
cooking and drying type and their interaction were not significantly (p>0.05) different
based on the overall acceptability properties of the sample. Further work concerning
the variety of potatoes for the production of IMPF will be necessary. This study
revealed that cooking and drying methods affected potato flake nutritional, physical,
and functional parameters differently.
Keywords: Boiling, Steaming; FARD; Solar; Oven; Instant mashed potato flakes
(IMPF)