Abstract:
This study focuses on the production of bioethanol from waste paper by using corncob as a carrier for immobilizing yeast which effects to minimize energy cost and substituting nonrenewable energy by using renewable resources and The proximate analysis for waste paper was conducted and found that waste paper contains: moisture content of 5.36%, extractives 2.3%, cellulose 62%, hemicelluloses 16%, lignin 7%, implying that waste paper has high composition of cellulose which could be used to produce fermentable sugar. The hydrolysis method used in this study requires lower acid consumption at higher temperatures, which is the main advantage of this method. The experiment was designed by Central Composite Design (CCD) with three factors (acid Concentration, temperature and time) and experiment was conducted for 26 run, the acid concentration was varied from 3 to 5%, hydrolysis temperature was varied from 130 to 140℃, and hydrolysis time was varied from 50 to 60minutes.The maximum yield of 26.62 ml/50gm obtained at the operating parameters of at 140℃ temperature, 5% acid concentration, and 50 minutes hydrolysis time. Hydrolysis temperature and acid concentration have a statistically significant effect on the yield with p-value of 0.0053 and 0.0042 respectively. The statistical analysis also showed that the ethanol yield of (24.92 ml/50gm) was obtained at optimized variables of 5% acid concentration, 140℃ temperature, and at a time of 50 minutes. It represents the closeness of a response to its ideal value. The optimum variables of acid concentration and temperature values were highest values which means the further increment of the two variables shows the decreasing of ethanol yield obtained. This revealing good agreement with the observed value of ethanol yield (26.62 ml/50gm). From this, it can be concluded that the selected model was adequate to fit the data of response variable. Chemical characterization of the bio-ethanol produced was performed by FTIR and the concentration of recovered ethanol was 95% ethanol.