This study is designed to know the challenges of rural women and their land rights in the current land administration system in two rural Kebe/es in Farta Woreda of Amhara region on smallholder farmers' landholding registration. Review of previous work on related topic revealed that land remained under men's control throughout history and men's control over land was strengthened by the rural land reform carried out by the past regimes. This tenure reform applied rural land distribution using households as unit for rural land allocation and women were disadvantaged as most rural households were headed by men. The research " applied both quantitative and qualitative methods in view of feminist research methodology to properly address issues from a gender perspective. 356 households were taken as a representative sample size in the two selected kebelesfrom a population of 3197 households using probability sampling method to distributing and collecting questionnaires in the quantitative method,. More over, the qualitative method applied three research instruments/tools namely: in-depth interviews with relevant experts at Woreda office of agriculture and Kebele LACs; focus group discussions with rural women: and case stories for two women selected from both kebeles. Triangulation method is applied in ·data collection, data presentation and in analysis of findings. The Amhara National Regional State Rural Land Administration and Use Proclamation and its implementation procedure are examined from a gender perspective in terms "of ensuring rural women 's land rights. It revealed that the Amhara rural land proclamation is not discriminatory on the basis of sex. However, policy gaps are constraints in addressing women specific issues such as issues of FHHs. Study findings also reveal that women's access rights to land is less equal than legally t;;ovided. This study evidences gaps between policy and implementation. Women's control over land is not adequately addressed by the regional rural land policy. This is a significant policy limitation as women 's equal rights on land could not be achieved without gaining control over land. Moreover, the absence of autonomous women institution is a limitation in addressing women's issues in the land administration system. The land administration system in general and the land registration process in particular has not considered women's contribution and decision-making. Women are not represented in LACs and Sub-Committees in both Kebe/es. This study also revealed the presence of poor linkages between the rural land policy and other regional legislations like the regional family law which provides women's equal rights on land in marriage and during its divorce. The study forwards recommendations to address the challenges of gender equality identified to ensure women 's rights to land jn the study area. The Amhara rural land proclamation needs revision from a gender perspective to address women's specific issues and the land administration system should consider women's contribution in the process and their equal benefits from policy outcomes. Establishing strong rural women's association, Carrying out advocacy and awareness creation programmes to change community attitudes and practices as well as adapting best practices and experiences sharing from other well implemented regions are the implications of the study.