Improved agronomic practices increases yield potential of chickpea in different agro ecology of the Country, Crop yield decline due to climate change and improper agronomic practices are the major bottlenecks to sustainable crop production in Ethiopia. ”This field experiment was conducted with the objective of Optimization of Sowing Time of Kabuli Type Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), Under Rectangular Planting Geometry in Rainfall Deficit Areas of Eastern Amhara”, during 2023/2024 main cropping season. 'Kabuli' type chickpea (variety harbu) was testing crop, the experiments involved a combination of three planting date (Agust10, 17 and 24), three Intra (5cm, 10cm and 15cm) and three Inter (20cm, 30cm and 40cm) row spacing, Laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Nine populations ranging from 44 to 380 plants plot- 1 were also included in the investigation. Data was, yield, and yield components were collected and analyzed using SAS-GLM software. statically analysis showed that most yield and yield related parameter’s, (Number of branch plant- ,plant height, Number of pod plant- 1 , Dry biomass yield, Seed yield, and vigority index had significance difference on the main effects of Planting dates, intra and inter row spacing’s., similarly the two way interaction of intra and inter row spacing’s significantly affects seed yields. Hundred seed weight and Harvest index are significant on the three way interaction of the test crop. The combination of treatments means also showed highly significantly difference (P < 0.001) on almost all agronomic attributes of testing crop, the highest grain yield,(3087kg/ha-1) was recorded in early planting (august10) and medium(10cm) intra row spacing and from the narrower inter row spacing (20cm), this treatments combination had also 61.45 % yield advantage than the lowest yield (1163.4kg/ha- 1 ) recorded from planting date august 24 with 15cm intra and 30cm inter row spacing’s, similarly Highest yield (1673.5kgha- 1 ), (2072.3kgha- 1 1 ) and (2033.9kgha- ), obtained from the main effects planting date 10Agust,10cm Intra row spacing and 20cm Inter row spacing’s respectively Partial budget analysis results indicates that the highest net benefit, (313,547ETBha- 1 ) obtained from the two way interaction (10cm intra * 20cm inter row spacing’s). Marginal Rate of Return between the two un-dominated treatments is 283.9%, which is well above the commonly accepted minimum threshold of 100% for investment in smallholder agriculture (according to CIMMYT, 1988) standards. In conclusion early planting medium (10cm) and narrower (20cm) Inter row spacing’s can increases chickpea production and productivity in the study area and similar agro ecologies, however since the experiment was conducted for one season at one location, this research should be repeated over a season and location, to reach more conclusive recommendations. 1