ABSTRACT Implementing waste-to-energy systems is an important step toward managing solid waste while generating electricity. However, the implementation of these systems in Bahir Dar town could have several environmental impacts and prospects. The generation of electricity from municipal solid waste needs to be studied carefully to ensure that the benefits outweigh any potential negative effects. The purpose of this research is to conduct a comprehensive environmental life cycle study of different waste-to-energy scenarios for Bahir Dar city, primarily using LCA as an analytical tool. Three waste-to-energy options were evaluated in this study, namely incineration, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas systems. The study utilized Open LCA software and employed both CML (Center of Environmental Science Leiden) and TRACI (Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Environmental Impacts) methodologies to examine the environmental impacts of waste-to-energy systems. The investigated waste-to-energy system is assessed for global warming potential, eutrophication potential, acidification potential, ozone depletion potential, fossil fuel depletion, and ecotoxicity potential. The following results show the environmental impact of three different waste-to-energy systems: incineration, landfill gas systems, and anaerobic digestion. The highest value of fossil fuel depletion (measured in MJ) was found in incineration, using the CML method. The highest ecotoxicity potential (measured in CTUe) was found in incineration, using the TRACI method. The lowest value of fossil fuel depletion was found in anaerobic digestion with the TRACI method, while the lowest ecotoxicity value was found in anaerobic digestion using the CML method. The highest values of acidification potential (measured in kg SO2 eq) and ozone depletion potential (measured in kg CFC-11 eq) were both found in incineration using the TRACI impact assessment method. The lowest value of acidification potential was found in landfill gas systems using the TRACI method, while the lowest ozone depletion potential was found in anaerobic digestion using the CML method. The highest values of eutrophication potential (measured in kg PO4 eq) and global warming potential (measured in kg CO2 eq) were both found in anaerobic digestion using the CML impact assessment method. The lowest values of eutrophication potential and global warming potential were both found in landfill gas systems using the TRACI impact assessment method. Overall, incineration had the highest environmental impact, while landfill gas systems had the lowest environmental impact out of the three waste-to-energy systems.