Abstract:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of simulation and animation-integrated
instructions (SAII) on pre-service science teacher trainees' conceptual
understanding, motivation, and retention capability on acid-base chemistry and
stoichiometry Learning. Quantitative-led partial mixed-method research was
conducted. The quantitative part of the study used a pre-post-delayed quasi experimental design, while the qualitative part employed a thematic analysis
design. Two intact classes with similar characteristics were used for the
comprehensive sampling technique. The classes were randomly assigned to a
treatment group (TG) and a comparison group (CG). Data on conceptual
understanding and retention were collected using Acid-Base Chemistry and
Stoichiometry Conceptual Understanding two-tier multiple-choice Test
(ABSCUT). Data on motivation was collected using the mixed Chemistry
Motivation Questionnaire (CMQ). The quantitative data were analyzed by
independent sample t-test and ANCOVA, while the qualitative data was analyzed
using a thematic analysis approach. The independent sample t-test was used to
analyze conceptual understanding and motivation while ANCOVA was used to
analyze delayed test after the intervention. The gain mean analysis result showed
that a statistically significant difference between the two groups in conceptual
understanding, in favor of the TG. Analysis for motivation indicated statistical
significant difference between, in favor of the TG. The qualitative analysis also
implied that most of the trainees in the TG showed higher motivation than the CG
toward learning chemistry. The effects of SAII between male and female trainees
in the TG showed no statistically significant difference in conceptual
understanding, however, a statistically significant difference observed in terms of
motivation in the TG. The ANCOVA results in the delayed-test analysis showed
that the TG had higher retention than the CG. Based on the results, this study
recommends that chemistry curriculum experts, chemistry curricular materials
developers, and practitioners consider applying SAII for the teaching-learning
process of chemistry in general and acid-base chemistry and stoichiometry in
particular to enhance trainees‘ conceptual understanding, retention, and
motivation to learn