Abstract:
The continued growth of customer demand in Ethiopia, having more than 65 million
subscribers with a 95% population and 85.4% geographic coverage. The ever-increasing
customer rise in data traffic and mobile services. The telecom and radio-frequency
regulatory body, which is Ethiopian Communication Authority (ECA), has drafted a
directive that compels Ethio-telecom to add two additional competitive operators which
demand spectrum. With the development of wireless communication technology, the need
for bandwidth is increasing continuously, and the growing need makes wireless spectrum
resources scarce. One of the most important issues in spectrum sharing is to determine the
potential benefit when multi-operators share resources under certain mutual agreements.
However, the main problem with sharing nearly the same frequency bands without
coordination may cause interference and call congestion which can affect the quality of
services and system capacities. To overcome this problem, the operators need careful
planning to mitigate the problem. This study has modeled and analyzed interactions
between these upcoming competitive operators that coexist in the same frequency band as
a strategy. The study proposes efficient dynamic solutions to provide secondary access to
under-utilized spectrum to address optimization problems and network models by deriving
expressions of blocking probability. Also, analyzing the overall network performance in
terms of spectrum utilization and of the analytical frameworks are presented to analyze the
benefits of multi-operator cooperation for spectrum sharing. Results mainly focused on
comparison of sharing models' performance to show the impact of blocking
probability(Pb); probability of detection(Pd) and signal to noise ratio(SNR) of the system
at different parameters like number of servers, service rate, offered load, arrival rate and
channel capacity of network operators to ensure efficient spectrum sharing. In addition to
spectrum sharing, spectrum sensing is also the major challenge in dynamic spectrum
sharing (DSS). The performance of the energy detection algorithm is analyzed and
simulated. Results show that the blocking probability is reduced by using unidirectional,
bi-directional and bidirectional with reserved capacity models compared with the nonsharing model.
Keywords: Blocking Probability, Cognitive Radio, Dynamic Spectrum Sharing, Multi
operator