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| dc.contributor.author | Nibret Abeje | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-03-09T08:30:53Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-03-09T08:30:53Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-08 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://ir.bdu.edu.et/handle/123456789/15169 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Freshwater is very vital for the endurance of all living organisms, it is becoming a scarce resource in terms of quantity and quality. Because it is exposed to physical, chemical, and bacteriological contaminants emanating from industries, universities and other institutions. higher institutions have the moral and ethical obligation to act responsibly towards the environment, drive responsible waste management, and set an example for management of waste to the students and the community, higher institutions are not doing responsibly; they discharge massive solid and liquid wastes to the environment without any pre-treatment. This study, thus, aimed to assess the pollution load of Bahir Dar University Zenzelima campus effluents on the water quality of Chinble sream. Wastewater samples were collected and analyzed for physico-chemical, biological qualities, and the level of heavy metals. The physicochemical parameters and the heavy metals were analyzed using standard procedures, and the membrane filtration method for bacteriological analysis. The phosphate (17.2-216.17 mg/L), BOD (51-86 mg/L), ammonia (0.02-10.29 mg/L), turbidity(22-580 NTU), total suspended solids(230-1293.33 mg/L), electrical conductivity (241-1492.03 µS/cm), and total hardness (111.67-490 mg/L) levels surpassed the wastewater discharge limit of WHO, Environmental protection authority (EPA), Compulsory Ethiopian Standard (CES), Environmental Health and Safety(EHS) guidelines, and didn’t fit wastewater reuse standard for irrigation and livestock drinking. 100% of the samples were not fit for livestock drinking as the coliform bacterium count exceeded the threshold level. Copper (0.006-1.75 mg/L), Lead (0.019-0.18 mg/L), and Cadmium (0.007-0.196 mg/L) levels crossed the wastewater discharge limit and were not fit for irrigation and livestock drinking while the level of Manganese (nill-0.01 mg/L) was below the permissible limit. Values of the water quality parameters were higher on the downstream site than at the upstream site indicating the pollution load of Zenzelima campus effluents on the local environment (Chinble stream); wastewater used for irrigation and livestock drinking is unsafe. Thus, it demands immediate waste management interventions and proper waste treatment before being discharged to the environment. 5 | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.subject | Environment and climate change | en_US |
| dc.title | The Effects of Bahir Dar University Zenzelima Campus Effluents on the Water Quality of Chinble Stream | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
