Abstract:
Background: Limited access to corneal tissue for transplantation remains a challenge to many parts of the world. This leads to the presence of 253 million people living with vision impairment and only 1 cornea available for every 70 recipients. To date little attention has been given to the problem of eye donor shortage in developing countries including Ethiopia, where only about 130–150 corneas are harvested annually. Studies in Ethiopia were focusing on estimating the proportion of eye donation willingness quantitatively. However, willingness of eye donation can be influenced by cultural beliefs and attitude of the society. Therefore this study aims to identify willingness towards eye donation and the factors associated with it based on a mixed based approach.
Objective: To assess the proportion of willingness towards eye donation and associated factors among adults in Bahir-dar city, Amhara Region, North West Ethiopia, January,2023
Method: explanatory sequential study conducted among 832 individuals and two focused group discussions from October 1-30, 2022. A multistage and purposive (for qualitative) sampling techniques were used to select the study subjects from 26 kebeles in Bahir dar city. Ten kebeles were selected by a lottery method then proportionately allocated sample size was selected from each kebeles every 26 household intervals starting from the 7th house hold.
Data were entered into the Epi info. Version7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were carried out. Statistical significance was declared by the P-value < 0.05. Manual thematic analysis was conducted for qualitative data collected from 13 participants in two groups.
Result: From a total of 832 participants, 43.4% were willing to donate their eyes. Younger age (AOR = 2.187(1.410–3.392), Good knowledge score (AOR=3.600(2.532-5.117), favorable attitude (AOR=3.8(2.701-5.485), previous history of eye surgery (AOR= 2.736(1.272-5.883) and status of awareness (AOR=4.162(2.832-6.118) were associated factors with the willingness of eye donation in this result.
Conclusion and Recommendation: When compared with the other previous studies the proportion of willingness is relatively low. Younger age, good knowledge, favorable attitude awareness and previous history of eye surgery were the factors that are associated with the willingness of eye donation. The eye bank of Ethiopia, ministry of health Ethiopia and mass media owners had a responsibility to increase the number of eye donors.
Key words: willingness, eye donation, associated factors, Adults, North West Ethiopia