Abstract:
Background Delays in receiving proper cancer treatment can lead to advanced stages at diagnosis, which can lead to poor cancer survival. When patients experience symptoms, they may not associate these with the possibility of cancer and seek help. Despite the problems, there is not enough evidence regarding delay in health-seeking behavior and associated factors in Ethiopia.
Objective: To assess delay in health-seeking behavior and associated factors among cancer patients in Amhara region referral hospitals, Ethiopia, 2022.
Method: Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted at the oncology unit of Amhara region referral hospitals. A total of 636 cancer patients who had follow up from May 9, 2022 to June 9, 2022 were selected by using a cluster sampling technique. Data were entered using Epi data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were applied. In multivariable logistic regression at a P value < 0.05 significant level was used to identify factors of delay in health-seeking behavior.
Results: In this study, a total of 628 cancer patients participated. A total of 72.6% (95%CI; 68.9-76.1) of patients had a delay in health-seeking behavior with a median delay time of 6 months. Variables like being female (AOR =2.81; 95%CI =1.29 6.14) ,rural residence (AOR= 2.82; 95%CI =1.435 .58), low social support (AOR =4.16;95%CI =2.048.49), not having comorbidity (AOR =4.44;95%CI =2.2−8.66),stage III cancer (AOR =3.72;95%CI =1.37−9.96) ,stage IV cancer (AOR =3.07;95%CI =1.2797.41), additional symptoms (AOR =3.03;95%CI =1.55-5.94), never heard about cancers (AOR=4.09; 95%CI=2.06-8.11) and never heard about cancer screening(AOR= 2.161; 95%CI=1.06-4.40) were factors for delay in health-seeking behavior.
Conclusion: In this study delay in health-seeking behavior among cancer patients was 72.6%. Being female, in a rural residence, not having comorbidity, late-stage (III&IV) cancer, additional symptoms, low social support, never heard about cancer and its screening were important predictors for the delay in health-seeking behavior. Therefore, public awareness programs about cancer should be designed to decrease patients' delays in presentation.
Keywords: delay, health-seeking behavior, associated factors, cancer