The general objective of this study is to determine the relationship between leisure sport participation time, exercise capacity, family educational background, and academic performance of primary school students in the study area. A quantitative research approach that employs a descriptive correlational survey design was used. Questionnaires, document reviews, and field tests were used as data-gathering instruments. A simple random sampling, lottery method was used to select the sample students. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 21, and descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages, mean and standard deviation were used. As well, Pearson's momentum correlation and linear multiple regression models were also treated. Then, findings like: students’ family have a moderate relationship with their children’s academic success; there is a statistically strong positive and significant relationship between the predictor and predicted variables; the predictor variables (exercise capacity test, students’ father's educational background, students’ mother's educational background, and leisure sport participation time) explained 76.9% of the predicted (outcome) variable or (students’ academic performance; and parents’ contribution to children’s academic success, and family educational background as contributing factors of students’ academic performance) 51.6% explained the predicted variable (students’ academic performance. Based on the finding mothers educational back ground improves academic achievement by 43.62%, fathers educational back ground improves the academic achievement by 35.22%, and leisure sport participation time improves academic achievement by 18.31% from the previous one. The researcher concluded that student’s family educational background and leisure sports participation time are the contributing factor for students’ academic performance improvement. Finally, the researcher recommended that the school principals and Woreda education office leaders jointly work with students’ families and leisure time sport participation continuously so as to enable the families to have positive involvement in their children’s learning and academic performances.