Abstract:
Back ground: Hypertension, the most common incidentally diagnosed chronic disease, is a major risk factor for cerebro-vascular accidents as well as coronary heart diseases. Hypertension is prevalent in both high income and low- and middle-income countries, which causes 80% of deaths due to cardiovascular diseases. Prevention plays a vital role in controlling the disease, which can be accomplished by growing knowledge through public awareness which changes their attitude and practice.
Objective: The objective the study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practice and its associated factors towards hypertension among adults in Adet town, Yilmana Densa district, West Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out from March 11/ 2021 to April 10/2021. A total of 633 study participants were selected by multi stage sampling technique from five kebeles. The data were checked for completeness, and entered into Epi-Info Version 7.2 and analyzed using SPSS Version 23. Binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice of hypertension. In bi-variable binary logistic regression analysis, independent variables with p-value < 0.25 were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. Variables with 95% confidence interval a p-value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.
Results: A total of 633 systematically sampled individuals were studied and 54%, 50.4% and 29.4% of them had good knowledge, favorable attitude and good practice towards hypertension respectively. Secondary education (AOR= 2.05, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.02), higher
education (AOR= 4.49, 95% CI: 2.05, 9.84), information regarding life style modification
(AOR= 2.15, 95% CI: 1.41, 3.29), Occupation (AOR= 2.09, 95% CI: 1.02, 4.31) and
family history of hypertension (AOR= 4.25, 95% CI: 2.19, 8.27). were significantly associated with good knowledge. Sex (AOR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.18, 2.33), family history of hypertension (AOR= 1.90, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.23), knowledge (AOR=3.87, 95% CI: 2.69,
5.57) and practice (AOR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.03, 2.22) were associated with attitude. Primary education (AOR=4.28, 95% CI: 1.70, 10.77), secondary education (AOR= 5.25, 95% CI: 2.10, 13.09), higher education (AOR= 6.70, 95% CI: 2.72, 16.48), life style modification (AOR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.13), knowledge (AOR=2.42, 95%
CI:1.62,3.65) and monthly income of 2001-4000 ETB (AOR=3.75, 95%CI: 1.65-8.53),
monthly income of 4001-6001 ETB (AOR=2.69, 95%CI: 1.24-5.84) were associated with good practice.
Conclusion: In conclusion, almost half of respondents had good knowledge and attitude towards hypertension and fewer respondents had good practice towards prevention of hypertension. Educational level, having previous information regarding life style modification for prevention of HTN, having family history of hypertension and knowledge was the four common factors which were associated with KAP