Abstract:
Abstract
Introduction: Currently, the world is facing a global pandemic with a new coronavirus strain
causing an infectious disease named Corona Virus Disease 2019. Due to uncontrolled morbidity
and mortality of global community by the disease, COVID-19 is considered the major public
health burden. The world health organization estimates the recovery time is 2 weeks for patients
with mild infection and 3 to 6 weeks for those with serious illnesses.The recovery time and its
predictors is not well studied in Ethiopia, not yet in Amhara region.
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate time to recovery and its predictors among
COVID -19 patients in Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital care and treatment center, Bahir Dar
Ethiopia.
Methods: An institution-based retrospective follow up study was conducted among 452
COVID-19 patients admitted to Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospital from March to 2020 to
September 2021.Simple random sampling using table of random number generator was used to
select study unit. Data entry and analysis were performed using EPI data 3.1 and Stata version 14
respectively. Bi-variable and multi-variable cox proportional hazard analysis was used to identify
predictors of recovery time. AHR at 5% level of significance was used to identify significant
predictors.
Results: Among 452 COVID-19 patients 437 (88%) were recovered with a median recovery
time of 9 days. Predictors like, Age (AHR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.97, 0.99), Oxygen saturation
(AHR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.31, 0.56), Shortness of breath (AHR = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.50, 0.85),
Severity of the disease (moderate = AHR = 0.63: 95% CI = 0.47, 85, and sever = AHR =0.32;
95% CI = 0.22, 0.47), Comorbidity (AHR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.53, 0.84 ), were significantly
associated with median recovery time.
Conclusion and recommendations: In general, the median recovery time of patients was 9
days, and predictors such as older age, low oxygen saturation, shortness of breath, severity of the
disease (moderate and sever), history of comorbidity, increase WBC and no corticosteroids use
were predictors of delayed recovery. Thus, patients presented with predictors that were
associated with delayed recovery time need to get close monitoring and follow up by health care
providers.
Key words: COVID-19, time to recovery, predictors, cox proportional hazard analysis, Ethiopia