Abstract:
It is uncommon to have openings near columns in flat slabs however the presence of openings
exhibits excessive punching shear demand reducing the structural performance of flat slabs. This
research work numerically investigates the use of various stud shear reinforcement orientation
types and configurations to rehabilitate or restore lost flat slab structural performance due to the
presence of opening cutouts. The experimental result reported in literature will be used for
validation analysis using ANSYS nonlinear software program and further parametric study on
stud variables such as a layer, orientation, and arrangement; and opening variables like a
quantity, size, location, and patterns will be investigated to get insight into the performance of
flat slab with and without an opening near columns. A total of thirty-one flat slab specimens with
or without stud and openings were simulated. The accuracy of the finite element analysis method
was verified by comparing the results in terms of failure load and crack pattern and showed good
agreement with experimental test results. The FEA results indicated that due to stud shear
reinforcement the restored punching shear carrying capacity of a reinforced concrete flat slab that
was lost due to opening ranges from 16.53% to 26.7%, likewise the ductility of a reinforced
concrete flat slab was enhanced by stud shear reinforcement. Additionally, the numerical values
were compared with design code ES EN 2015. The results obtained by the ES EN 2015 standard
were a tendency to underestimate the shear strength of the slabs, especially when there are
openings. The FEA results showed that the equations’ punching shear resistance prediction for
ES EN 2015 overestimated up to 157% in slabs. Numerical results confirmed the use of studs has
strengthened the region near the openings and this is not always accounted for by the ES EN
2015 code.