Abstract:
Energy plays an important role inthe economic and social development of one’s country.
The world is currently experiencing an energy crisis due to environmental pollution
caused by urbanization, economic development,and rapid population growth. Ethiopia
facing a significant challenge in meeting rapidly increasing energy demands. Identifying
and utilizing new renewable energy sources, such as hydropower, is critical to reduce the
country's energy shortage and reliance on fossil fuels.
This research aimed to identify hydropower potential sites and estimate the Tigdar
River's capacity for power generation using an integrated Geographical Information
System and Soil and Water Assessment Tools.SWAT model, satellite data, and GIS tools
were utilized to identify the outlet of the river. In Tigdar watershed, eight sub-basinswere
identified within 38.3469km length and 199.11km
2
area.Daily flow data was used for the
identification of potential sites in the watershed. The calibration and validation models
were found to be the most correlated between simulated and observed data sets. The
values of R
2
and E
NS
were found in a very good performance of the model (>=0.75).
Three potential site have been identified. This study estimates water availability for
hydropower based on 90% dependable flow. Observed and simulated daily flow data
were used to calculate the River's discharge at each potential site. In most cases,
maximum discharge was found in Potential site 3 of the Tigdar watershed, with 90%
dependability.
Hydropower site 3 and 1 have maximum and minimum power production capacities of
4462.04KW and 2294.83KW, respectively. The total power production capacity of the
Tigdar watershed is 9194.093KW (9.2 MW). The result shows that the selected River
hydropower sites are feasible (in small scale hydropower) based on their installed
capacity. As a result, if a hydropower plant is built in the watershed, the surrounding
communities will have access to electricity.