Abstract:
Abebaw Biresaw1, Bimrew Asmare2 and Yeshambel Mekuriaw 2
1 Fagita Lekoma District, Department of Agriculture, Awi Zone, Ethiopia
2 Department of Animal Production and Technology, School of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bahir Dar University, P O Box 5501, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
This field experiment was conducted in Dangila District with the objectives of evaluating the effects of sowing dates and harvesting ages on the morphological characteristics, forage yield and chemical composition of Brachiaria mutica grass with intercropped Medicago sativa in rain fed condition. The experimental plots were prepared thoroughly by plowing the land before sowing. The experiment was laid using randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement consisted of two factors (three sowing dates and three harvesting ages) of totally nine treatments with three replications. The plot of the experiment was 4m2. The harvesting ages were 90, 120 and 150 days of harvests, represented as (HD1, HD2 and HD3) and the sowing dates of Brachiaria mutica at the same days (June 17), ten days before (June 27) and ten days after (July 07), represented as (SD1, SD2 and SD3) with intercropped Medicago sativa seeding. The root splits of Brachiaria mutica and seed for Medicago sativa were planted and sown at recommendation rate. 100 kg/ha of nitrogen phosphate sulfur was applied at time of planting for both forages and 25 kg/ha urea was applied after 30 days of planting, weeding and hoeing for para grass. All plant growth, forage yield and samples for quality data were collected from two middle rows of six plants. Samples were harvested at specified ages, weighed, dried and then ground subsamples taken for analyses of crude protein, ash, organic matter, dry matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin were done using proximate and Van Soest procedures. All data were subjected to general linear model analysis of variance procedures of SAS package version 9.0 and Pearson correlation analysis, with significance level of alpha 0.05. Results showed that the interaction effect between harvesting age and sowing date of intercropped Medicago sativa with Brachiaria mutica had a p˂0.001 significant effect on plant characteristics, biomass yield and chemical composition of para grass. Regarding sowing date, intercropped Medicago sativa with Brachiaria mutica grass significant and higher dry matter yield (21.53 to 24 ton per hectare) at 150 day harvest and best crude protein content (18.16 to 19.55%) at 90 days of harvesting obtained from Brachiaria mutica grass which was planted ten days after than the same days and ten days before intercropped Medicago sativa. Hence, the planting date of para grass ten days after intercropped alfalfa was best compatible in terms of total dry matter yield and crude protein content during the establishment phase of para grass. The crude protein, leave to stem ratio and ash percent were markedly decreased as the harvesting date were delayed and negatively correlated to the rest growth and forage quality parameters. Therefore, among tested sowing date of para grass ten days after intercropped alfalfa is recommended for establishment study area and similar agro ecologies harvested at intermediate harvesting stage to produce optimum yield and nutritive value. It is important to conduct further work determination of appropriate agronomic and management practices in order to maximize production and productivity of sowing dates at intercropped para grass with alfalfa in study area and similar agro ecologies during establishment and after establishment periods and with other herbaceous legumes.