Abstract:
Mango (Mangifera indica) is of great significant fruit crop which grows in different
agro-ecologies in the world. Mangoes are good sources of vitamins and minerals.
However, nowadays its productivity is very limited since it is attacked by different
diseases and pests. Thus to increase the mango fruit quality and productivity, it is crucial
and feasible to detect diseases and insect pests at the early stage. In this study, we have
designed and developed mango leaf disease identification mechanism using machine
learning (ML) technique. Healthy and diseased mango leaf images were captured
manually from main production areas in Amhara Region such that Weramit fruit and
vegetable research and training sub-centre, and Bahir Dar city for the identification
method. As an implementation tool, Python on an anaconda Spyder working
environment, and Google Collaboratory were used. To enhance the dataset different preprocessing
techniques (i.e. image resizing, histogram adjustment, noise removal, and
image augmentation) using the OpenCV library were applied. To enhance the
classification performance and to achieve the objective of this study different
segmentation techniques such as k means, Mask R-CNN, and combined were used.
Besides, after the pre-processing and segmentation steps, features of mango leaf images
were extracted using CNN to get the relevant features. Then the classification model was
built using CNN, SVM, and CNN-SVM classifiers on the extracted features of mango leaf
images. For these classification models three different activation functions such that
Tanh, Relu, and Leaky Relu were applied to achieve better classification accuracy. From
the experiment, we noticed that these classifiers using segmented images and Leaky Relu
activation function were achieved a significant classification performance with an
accuracy of CNN 97.62%, SVM 98.01%, and CNN-SVM 99.78% respectively.