Abstract:
Performance evaluation of irrigation schemes plays a fundamental role to determine the efficiency of the system and to identify management practices. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Geray and Leza small scale irrigation schemes. Field observation, discharge measurements in the canals, determination of moisture contents of the soil before and after irrigation, determination of soil physical properties and measurement of depth of water applied to the fields using Current meter are primary data collected. The secondary data were collected from design document, feasibility report and climatic data. For technical evaluation of the scheme using performance indicators, three sample plot fields were selected from the head, middle and tail-end of both command area. The study was carried out from December 2020 to March 2021. Performances of the schemes were evaluated using some selected internal indicator (conveyance, application, storage and overall efficiency) and Comparative indicator (output per command area, output per irrigated/ cropped area and output per unit water consumed).The study also attempted to evaluate environmental impacts of the poor Irrigation performance of the two small-scale irrigation Projects. Data was collected at woreda and kebele level. From the analyses of the internal performance indicators, the conveyance efficiencies were found to be 69.58 and 79.23%, application efficiencies were found to be 64.29 and 68.58%, overall efficiency were found 44.73 and 54.34%, The irrigated agricultural performance of the scheme was the outputs per command area were found as 28,491.7 birr/ha and 21,661.7 birr/ha, output per cropped area 36,036.9 birr/ha and 25,272.0 birr/ha and output water consumed 9.8 birr/m³ and 6.7 birr/m³ for Geray and Leza respectively. Majority of the respondents, 52% in Geray and 50% in Leza reflected that the maintenance condition of irrigation infrastructures was bad and medium respectively. From the respondents 47% in Geray and 67% in Leza described that illegal water abstraction accounts the primary cause for unfair water distributions. It displayed that high system maintenance is required. Generally, the performance of the irrigation scheme is poor. Therefore, scheme monitoring, capacity building of the users and the water user associations, providing the flow control measurement structures, adequate operation and maintenance of the system are required to improve the irrigation scheme performance.
In general, based on the Evaluation carried out, Leza irrigation scheme performed better than Geray scheme. But there is still a room for improvement of the performance of both schemes.