In Ethiopia history there was a long year dominancy of Christian kingdom and the country C>'!1sidered as the "Christian Island". However, the coming of Muslims in the seventh century in I" to the country eroded the quoted phrase. Through time, the religion of Islam spread out different .. parts of Ethiopia. Among these Muslim sects of Matakkal were discussed . • The ·paper starts' with the sitting of the previous Matakkal awrajja and its rearrangement 111 , various times. The presence of different ethnic groups inhabiting in the study area and their • interaction also pointed out. The influence of Arab merchants in the process of trade and Islamic expansion on the Ethio-sudanese borderlands and -the migration of significant number of Muslims from various regions of the country since in the early 1940s and through the 1980s .. resettl'1ent program of Derg are included. Causes motivated the various Christian highland \ kingdoms rulers to incorporate Matakkal in to the province of Gojjam and the resistanceof the local people against the invaders indicated. Moreover, t~e paper outlines the major causes for the conflict between the Muslims settlers and the host people and the measures taken by the central gov~rnment to solve the problem. The intermarriage between the Muslims and Christians inhabited in the area is also discussed. ' The thesis also indicates some religious associations established around the Mosque areas a