Background: Adequate diet quality is essential throughout the life cycle, for sufficient growth, for mental and physical development, and for minimizing the risks of non-communicable diseases (NCDs).The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has increased in sub-Saharan countries, including Ethiopia. The prevalence & the factors influencing for the development of it are vary from country to country and within a country between various subgroups. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was carried among 545 middle adult hood stage 40-60 years residing in Jimma Town. Two stage cluster sampling technique was applied randomly selected eligible members of a household after they signed consent.Descriptive statistics, Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the association between the independent and dependent variables and the predictors of risky dietary behaviors & CNCDs, respectively. Results: The prevalence of risky dietary practices according to this study were 34.3% & age 56-60yrs. [AOR & 95% CI 0.204,95% (0.100,0.416)] ,student [AOR & 95% CI 13.197,95%(4.237,41.109)] , being single [AOR & 95% CI 7.957 ,95% (3.107,20.377)] were among the highly associated (significant) factors with the risky dietary practice for the emergence of CNCDs among the middle adult hood age of 40-60yrs study participants with P< 0.001 in Jimma Town south west Ethiopia. Conclusions: 34.3% proportions of the study participants had low quality diet (unhealthy diet) implying the fact that they are nutritionally at risk of developing diet related CNCDs. Recommendation: Nutritional behavior change communication such as health education on the importance of having healthy & diversified diet is recommended to prevent the risk of developing CNDs among middle adult hood stage in Jimma town.