The purpose of this study was to improve the conceptual understanding of students by using model-based teaching about the human skeletal system in grade seven. Quasi-experimental research was employed pre and post-test, control and experimental group design. Out of 4 sections, two sections (N=132) were selected by using simple random sampling techniques. The first section contained 66 students and was taught using model-based teaching approach. The second had 66 students and was taught using traditional teaching approach. The data were gathered by tests, observation, and informal assessment. The data obtained from tests were analyzed quantitatively through mean, standard deviation, independent t-test and the observation and informal assessment data were analyzed qualitatively. The pre-test results indicated that there was no significant mean difference and p>0.05 between the two groups. Similarly, the result of pre informal assessment showed that students in both groups had common misconceptions about the topic. The post-test results revealed that model-based teaching approach exhibited significant changescompared to the traditional groups of students.From the results of this study, it is possible to conclude that the model-based teaching approach improves students’ conceptual understanding,participations andclear misconceptions compared to the students taught by traditional teaching approach. Based on the finding it was recommended that the model-based teaching approach should be encouraged for teaching and learning biology.