Abstract:
ABSTRACT
In many parts of Ethiopia, climate variability and change is affecting the status of sorghum production due to rainfall and temperature variability. This study explores farmers' awareness of the manifestations of climate variability and its effects on the sorghum productivity in Gubalafto Woreda Northern part of Ethiopia. Primary data was collected from household survey, focus group discussion and Key informant interview. Daily rainfall and temperature recorded data were obtained from Sirinka weather station. After quality control, the rainfall and temperature data were subjected to computation of rainfall and temperature variability indicator indices such as rainfall totals, rainfall start and end dates, length of growing period, maximum and minimum temperature, number of rainy days, by using INSTAT+v 3.36. Centeral statistics agency sample survey of mean annual sorghum yield was used to supplement sorghum productivity. A multiple liner regression model analysis were the statistical tools used in the study in addition to the descriptive statistics and coefficient of variations. Finding showed that both farmer’s awareness and analysis of climate data indicated change in temperature, rainfall amount, rainfall timing, and increase in frequency of drought and show their effect on sorghum productivity. According to Centeral statistics agency productivity report and metrological recording data, during 2010 and 2007 the mean annual rain fall was better than other ramming years (1164.35mm and 1058.5mm respectively) in that time was recorded high amount of sorghum yield (23.26qt/ha and 21.01qt/ha respectively). However during 2000 the mean annual rainfall amount was much small (792.05mm) also the average productivity of sorghum highly reduced (14.01qt/ha). Belg and Kiremt rainy seasons covered about 22.27 % and 65.38 % of annual total rainfall respectively; Belg rainy season is highly variable than the Kiremt one. Mean annual maximum and minimum temperature are increases annually by 0.029C0 and 0,023C0 respectively. The study shows that more than 80% of farmers felt the various manifestations and effects of climate variability. The study reveals that age, and educational level are determinant factors of farmers' awareness on the manifestations and effects of climate variability on sorghum productivity. Farmers' awareness of climate condition is mostly similar to meteorological data analysis. This research concludes by suggesting recommendations such as use of escaping and drought resistant sorghum seeds, effective use of supplementary sources of moisture and make awareness on farmer to enhance the adaptive capacity of farmers to climate extremes and the existing and future yield reduction challenges of sorghum crop,
Keywords: Farmers awareness, Climate variability, Temperature, Rainfall, Sorghum productivity.