ABSTRACT Targeting selection of beneficiaries from the program was among the measurements which show effectiveness of PSNP, There is poor practice In targeting in the study area. The main objective of this study was to describe the perception of targeting process and identify factors affecting household PSNP targeting practice effectiveness in Kebribayah woreda of Somali Region, Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were used for this study. Household survey was employed taking a sample of 246 households selected through multi –stage sampling technique were used to gather data using semi structured questionnaire. Moreover, focused group discussion and interview were employed to collect qualitative data. Furthermore, the study employed binary logistic regression model to identify the factors affecting household level targeting practice effectiveness from PSNP. The finding of the study shows, 100% of the non - beneficiaries perceive un fairness, less participation and lack of transparency of the targeting process and majority of the participants perceived better awareness, and perceived the process of selection was fair and transparency. However, household characteristic descriptive of factors affecting the process results showed that, sex ,marital status , livestock ownership and understanding targeting eligibility and fairness and transparency selection mechanism had a positive and significant relationship with dependent variables, while Age, family size, education level and land farm size had insignificant to participation. Keywords: PSNP, Targeting practice, Household, Challenge, opportunities, Kebribayah, Somali region.