ABSTRACT Cross sectional study was conducted at Bahir Dar City from October, 2017 to April, 2018 to assess dog ecology (demography, density and management) and its implication on rabies transmission. Two stage cluster sampling technique was used by considering sub-city as primary sampling unit and kebeles as secondary sampling units and then households were selected by random-walk finding direction sinning pen method. A total of 503 owned dogs were identified, along with 2751 corresponding humans. With a human to dog ratio of 5.5:1 male: female dog ratio was 1.6:1.The average number of dogs per household was 1.3. Majorities (82.5%) of dogs were adult and 70.9% belong to native breed. The study found 54.1% allows dog movement out side home, main source of dog (65.7%) from neighbor and relatives and guarding was the dominant function for keeping dogs. Households (54.1%) have fenced home but not restrain dogs, construct home to dog (40.5%). On confinement (45.9%) confined in day and night and 34.6% dogs allowed to roam, the rest confine either night or day. Major (62.5%) source of food was family leftover and feed by household members (63.4%0 and (9.5%) dog find its own food. From 440 owned dogs, (37.2%) were vaccinated against rabies, from (37.2%), 23.1% were regularly vaccinated. Using mark re-sight technique, a total of 179.9 free roaming dogs were counted on the streets in four kebeles. Total density of free roaming dogs were estimated 140.5/km2, accordingly 3,315.8(140.5*23.6km2) free roaming dogs were estimated in Bahir Dar city. human to dog ratio(5.5:1), uncontrolled dog movement , dog vaccination practices against rabies fall below WHO recommendations (70/80%) and there was variation in free roaming dog population density so that needs to increase public awareness in regulating their dog movement, vaccinating dogs against rabies and free roaming dog population control to break rabies transmission . Keywords: Bahir Dar, Ecology, free roaming, Mark re-sight, Rabies,