The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of ten weeks some selected calisthenics exercise on health related physical fitness variables of Debrewerk preparatory and high school grade twelve male students. Calisthenics performed rhythmically and generally without equipment or apparatus sThey are, in essence, body-weight training intended to increase body strength, body fat, and flexibility, through movements such as pulling or pushing oneself up, bending, jumping, or swinging, using only one's body weight for resistance; usually conducted in concert with stretch.To achieve the purpose, Experimental designwas used. 40 male grade 12 students were taken simple randomly as a sample study. Experimental group (n=20) performed calisthenics’ exercise three days per week for two and half month. And control group (n=20) however, did not perform training. And both groups had taken pre and post-tests. So, all subjects participated in four selected health related fitness qualities test: 12 minute run test, sit and rich test,900push up test and body mass index test. The data was analyzed and compared with the help of statistical procedures in which arithmetic mean, standard deviation and paired t test was used. The level of p≤0.05 considered as significant level. Generally, the present study concluded that calisthenics exercise training had a significant effect on student’s muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition but not cardiovascular endurance.