This study was mainly aimed at assessing the practices and challenges of the utilization Awgni language as a medium of instruction first cycle primary schools Awi administrative zone. The subjects of the study included 190 students, 70 teachers, 10 school principals and 20 parents, which were selected using purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Interview, focused group discussion, and questionnaire were used to gather data. Percentage, mean, ~ standard deviation, t-value and qualitative analysis were used to analyze the collected data. The study revealed that, using mother-tongue language enables learners to communicate ' freely with their teacher on the academic issues and students has shown an excellent academic progress due to using their mother- tongue language. The results of the study show that there is no enough curricular materials, trained teachers and time were not provided: to prepare c~rricular materials; to prepare teachers, to convince parents, and to prepare and to use long-term plans' The finding clearly shows that, students, school principals and primary school teachers were shown positive attitudes towards Awgni language being used as a medium of instructions at primary schools. Whereas students parents were shown strong listance towards Mother-tongue language because of when their children complete their learning they may face different problems i.e. communication problem outside Awi zone at their working places. Statistically significant difference was found on the attitude of language (P<O. 05) between teachers and students. Thus, entering in to implementation without preparation seems to be the source of the problems that were created during the implementation period. Moreover, poor textbooks, assignment of untrained teachers, assignment of incapable personnel in the education offices and departments, shortage and/or absence of curricular materials, lack of pr9iessional sup~ort, and the strong resistance of parents were the results of the unprepared environment to use Awgni as a medium of instruction. Hence, ii appears to be wise and timely to revise the program as well as lo give explanation to parents about the advantages of using mother tongue as medium of instruction. Those concerned especially the education offices, departments and administrative councils at .... ABSTRACT ' . woredas & zone levels should conduct open discussions with parents and adjustments should be made based on the consensus reached and evidences gathered through follow up and research.