Abstract:
The Savonius wind turbine is a drag-based vertical axis wind turbine and is used as an alternative source in small-scale energy generation. Design simplicity, low cost, easy installation, good starting ability, relatively low operating speed, and independent wind directions are the main advantages of this rotor. However, because of its low efficiency and high negative torque produced by the returning blade, this rotor concept rarely gained popularity. Over the last few decades, although some investigations around the world have reported performance gains of the Savonius rotor, the available technical design is still not able to fulfill the demand for efficient small-scale wind energy converter at low wind speeds. This study presents a comprehensive computational investigation into the performance enhancement of Savonius vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) through optimization in augmentation technique. The research focuses on optimizing the turbine's efficiency and power output by integrating three novel features: obstacle shielding returning blades and deflector plate with a modified Bach blade shape. The obstacle shielding returning blades aim to mitigate the adverse effects of wind obstacles commonly encountered in urban and turbulent environments, while the modified Bach blade shape seeks to improve aerodynamic performance and torque generation. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations are employed to analyze the flow behavior, pressure distribution, and performance characteristics of the enhanced Savonius turbine design. The study evaluates various design parameters, including blade geometry, obstacle placement, and airflow patterns, to determine their impact on turbine performance metrics such as power coefficient, torque, and rotational speed. This automatic optimization is carried out by coupling an in-house optimization library (OPAL) in Visual Studio compiled with NLopt and SFML with an industrial flow simulation code (ANSYS Fluent). Inlet velocity 9m/s, turbulence intensity 4% and no slip condition consider. K-ω turbulence model used for simulation. A considerable improvement in the performance of Savonius turbines can be obtained in this manner, in particular a relative increase of the power output coefficient by more than 46.5%. It is furthermore demonstrated that the optimized configuration involving A modified Bach-type turbine is good for improvement. KEYWORD: Savonius, modified Bach blade, negative torque, obstacle shielding, deflector plate, CFD simulations