Abstract:
Teff (Eragrostis tef) is a staple food of significant economic value in Ethiopia, yet its productivity is hindered by traditional sowing methods, particularly hand broadcasting. This study presents the design and analysis of a five-row seeder machine specifically engineered for teff cultivation, addressing critical inefficiencies in current agricultural practices. Aiming to enhance teff production as agriculture is vital to Ethiopia's GDP, the project focuses on providing a more efficient, cost-effective solution that improves seeding accuracy and overall yield, with a target seed rate of 3-5 kg/ha to optimize efficiency for small-scale farmers. The design process began by identifying requirements based on existing farming practices, ensuring the seeder accommodates five rows for better coverage. Key features include a hopper for simultaneous seed and fertilizer distribution, a precise seed controller using a plate sliding mechanism, curved skids for mobility, and a robust frame suitable for challenging field conditions. The transport system, made of rubber tubes, facilitates efficient material movement. This innovative design significantly outperforms traditional methods by enhancing seed placement accuracy, reducing labor requirements, and allowing for adjustable row spacing to accommodate various crop conditions. Designed for both manual and animal traction, the seeder remains functional across different soil moisture levels. Cost analysis shows the project can be executed within budget, yielding a profitability of 20% with a selling price of 7,821.00 Birr. Overall, this study successfully developed a five-row seeder that optimizes seeding processes and supports sustainable agricultural practices aimed at increasing teff yields. Future recommendations include expanding the design for larger fields, adapting the seeder for other staple crops, and fostering collaboration with agricultural stakeholders to enhance manufacturing and distribution, ensuring successful adoption among smallholder farmers.
Keywords: Agrecultural production,Handbroadcating, Seeder machine, Row planting,
Teff [Eragrosti]