The ionosphere is a region of Earth's upper atmosphere. It is fundamental to radio signal propagation and satellite communications. Ionospheric plasma irregularities can disrupt these signals, leading to adverse effects on communication and navigation systems. This study aims to analyze and compare the longitudinal variability of ionospheric irregularities using the global Rate of TEC Index (ROTI) map obtained in January 1. 2015. Focusing on six longitudinal sectors—East Africa, Russia, India, Japan, America, and Europe. This thesis investigates the distribution, extent, and characteristics of these irregularities by examining the East African sector and comparing it with other regions, we aim to uncover patterns and variabilities that can enhance our understanding of ionospheric behaviors. The findings will contribute to improved predictive models and mitigation strategies for ionospheric disturbances, ensuring better reliability for communication and navigation systems. This thesis also examines the longitudinal variations of ionospheric plasma irregularities, utilizing the global Rate of Total Electron Content Index (ROTI) maps in January. 2015. The study aims to analyze and compare these irregularities across six longitudinal sectors: East Africa, Russia, India, Japan, America, and Europe. Key objectives include investigating the distribution and extent of irregularities, and contrasting their characteristics in these regions. The methodology involves extracting sectorial data from the ROTI map, performing spatial and comparative analyses, and visualizing the results through various techniques. Results reveal significant diurnal and longitudinal variations in ROTI values, with notable peaks observed in certain sectors. Comparative analysis highlights distinct ionospheric behaviors, particularly pronounced irregularities in the Russian and Japanese sectors, and minimal irregularities in the Indian sector. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of ionospheric dynamics, aiding in the development of improved predictive models and mitigation strategies for communication and navigation systems