The ionosphere is the part of the atmosphere that contains ionized gases, called plasma, and that affects radio propagation. The response of the ionosphere and magnetosphere to two powerful geomagnetic storms that occurred on April 23–24, 2023, and March 23–24, 2023, are examined in this thesis. Utilizing data from multiple space based and ground based ionospheric observation systems, including satellite missions and the study examines the TEC associated with geomagnetic disturbances. The main point of geomagnetic storm study is to understand the current that passes through the ionosphere. The study analyzed using southward Interplanetary magnetic field (IMF (Bz)), Interplanetary electric field of the ring current (IEF), the solar wind speed (SWS) and the Dst index from OMNI data explorer to understand the characteristics of the ionosphere and magnetosphere during the storm period. The study provides insight in to the mechanisms driving these variations and their implications for satellite communications, navigation systems, and space weather forecasting. The Global ionospheric TEC during the main storm is observed in comparison to the quiet time before and after the geomagnetic storm. That means global ionospheric TEC has increased over time storm, possibly due to Joule heating or direct penetration of hot plasma. The storm peaked on March 23 and intensified on March 24, possibly due to coronal mass ejections. The maximum TEC was observed in the Central and South American sector. During the disturbed times day 23 and 24, an enhanced TEC is observed even in the night side of the ionosphere. The sun activity governs the interaction of magnetosphere with solar wind and Earth magnetic field, this influence of magnetosphere is Geomagnetic storm. The study analyzed the relationship between the O/N ratio and the total ionospheric electron content (TEC) from April 20 to 25, 2023.A higher O/N 2 ratio, which indicates a greater presence of atomic oxygen relative to molecular nitrogen, generally leads to more efficient ionization. This results in an increase in the overall electron density in the ionosphere, contributing to higher TEC values. 2