Abstract:
Dodonaea angustifolia (Kitkita) is one of the most adaptable medicinal plants, possessing a
multitude of bioactive chemicals that allow it to have a broad range of biological actions. The
current study is conducted to assess phytochemical screening, antibacterial activity, antioxidant
effectiveness, and total phenolic content using methanol, chloroform, and petroleum ether extracts.
Qualitative phytochemical screenings were also conducted using methanol, chloroform, and
petroleum ether extracts, which revealed the presence of quinone, terpenoids, glycosides,
flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, sterols, alkaloids, and essential oils. The percentage
yields of the extracts of petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol were 2.4±0.203, 3.6±0.194,
and 5.00±0.14, respectively. According to these findings, the maximum yield was found in
methanol extract and the lowest in petroleum ether extract. The total phenolic content of methanol,
chloroform, and petroleum ether extract were 84.79 mg GAE/g, 69.75 mg GAE/g, and 55.05 mg
GAE/g in dry samples, respectively. The antioxidant activities of methanol, chloroform, and
petroleum ether leaf extracts of Dodonaea angustifolia were screened using 2,2-diphenyl-1-
picrylhydrazyl. IC50 values were found to be 47.60%, 74.72%, and 82.30% in methanol,
chloroform, and petroleum ether leaf extracts, respectively, for their antioxidant activity by DPPH
assay; the lower IC
50
value showed the radical scavenging activity to be effective in this solvent
extract. In the same condition, methanol, chloroform, and petroleum ether extracts showed high
antioxidant activity and oxygen-free radical scavenging abilities. The antibacterial activity of leaf
extracts of Dodonaea angustifolia was performed against four bacterial species, S. aureus,
S. pyogens, E. coli, and K. pneumonie, at concentrations of 500 mg/mL, 250 mg/mL, 125 mg/mL,
62.5 mg/mL, and 31.25 mg/mL using petroleum ether, chloroform and methanol solvents. The
result revealed that the methanol and chloroform extracts showed better activity against all
disease-causing pathogens, while, at higher concentrations, petroleum ether extracts were active
against microorganisms.