Ongoing community insecurity in Ethiopia has become a complex and interconnected issue, particularly affecting the Amhara community. The main objective of this study was to investigate the major causes, actors, impacts, and potential solutions to the insecurity faced by the Amhara community in the Metekel zone Benishangul Gumuz regional state. The study was guided by three research questions to assess the major causes, actors, and consequences of the Amhara community security problems in the Metekel zone. To achieve the main objective, the study employed a qualitative research approach with a case study research design through dealing with highly relied-on primary and secondary sources of data. The study used different tools during data gathering including interviews, focus group discussions, document analysis, and personal observation. The study used a purposive sampling technique; a type of non-probability sampling was used in selecting the research participants for interviews and FGD. The data obtained from both primary and secondary sources were analyzed through the use of thematic analysis. The finding of the study analyzed data revealed that the main causes of insecurity of the Amhara community in the Metekel zone are ethnic federalism, exclusion of political structure of Benishangul Gumuz regional state constitution (political exclusion), anti-Amhara narrative, lack of independent governmental institution, external influence and culture of Gumuz society are the major existential threat the Amhara community security in the study area. The finding of the study has two major actors of insecurity of the Amhara community in the study area such as internal and external. Internal actors included Gumuz rebel armed groups, Gumuz authorities, TPLF, and OLF, while external actors included Sudan and Egypt. The finding of the study also revealed the political, social, economic, and psychological effects of insecurity on the Amhara community in the Metekel zone. Finally, the researcher suggested that constitutional revision and restructuring of the federal and regional arrangements could help protect the rights and security of the Amhara people in the Metekel zone.