Background: Surgical site infection remains a global problem that increases morbidity and mortality of patients. The emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and poor infection prevention and control programs increased the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI), especially in resource-limited settings. However, there is limited data on ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the present study area. Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae and associated factors among patients with SSI. Material and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken from May 1 to July15, 2022, at Felege Hiwot and Tibebe Ghion Specialized Hospitals, Bahir Dar. A convenient sampling technique was used to include a total of 241 study participants. Data on socio- demographics and related clinical characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. Besides, the surgical swab was taken and transferred to Bahir Dar University laboratory for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). AST, ESBL, and carbapenemase detection, and interpretation were done based on the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guideline. Data were entered into SPSS version 25 for analysis. Logistic regression was done to identify factors associated with SSI, and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 241 study participants, 106 (44%) were culture positive. The most predominant isolates were E.coli 26 (24.5) followed by Citrobacter spp26 (24.5) and K. pneumoniae. The prevalence of ESBL and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae were (52.8%) and (5.7%) respectively. The most common ESBL producing isolates were E. coli and Enterobacter spp., whereas E. coli and K. pneumoniae were found carbapenemase producing. Most of the isolates 91(85.8%) were multiple drugs resistant. Dirty wound type, presence of discharge, and length of hospital stay for >2 weeks were factors associated with SSI. Conclusion: The prevalence of culture-confirmed SSI due to Enterobacteriaceae was high. The prevalence of ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae and carbapenemase production was alarming. Dirty wound type, length of hospital stay, and presence of discharge were associated with SSI. Therefore, continuous surveillance on drug resistance, ESBL, and Carbapenemase screening should be strengthened. Keywords: Surgical Site infection, Enterobacteriaceae, ESBL, Carbapenemase, Bahir Dar