Abstract:
O. integrifolia is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for the treatment of different
diseases. This study is intended to identify the phytochemical constituents and to evaluate the
antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether stem
extract of O. integrifolia. The sample was collected from Amhara Region N/Wollo, Dawunt and
successively on the same sample macerated with methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether for
72 hrs. All extracts (methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether) were found to have flavonoids,
phenolics, and terpenoids in varying amounts with the methanol extract showing maximum
positive test. Antibacterial activity test was done by agar disk diffusion method against four
bacterial strains: two grams positive (S. aurous and S. pyogenes) two-gram negative bacteria (E.
coli and K. pneumoniae). The result revealed that methanol extract showed a better antibacterial
activity than petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts. As the concentration of extracts
increases, the antibacterial activity of methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extract also
increase. The total flavonoid and total phenolic contents of the extracts were determined. The
methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts were found to have total flavonoid content
of 119.9 mgQE/g, 40.9 mgQE/g and 11.9 mgQE/g respectively. The total phenolic content of
methanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether were 102.385 mgGAE/g, 148.94 mgGAE/g and
179.75 mgGAE/g respectively. The antioxidant activity of methanol and petroleum ether stem
extract of O. integrifolia were screened using DPPH assay. The results showed that the methanol
extract of O. integrifolia exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity (60.19%).
Keywords: Medicinal plants, O. integrifolia, antibacterial activity, total phenolic content, total
flavonoid content, antioxidant activity