Abstract:
Evaluation of farm irrigation system plays a fundamental role in improving surface irrigation and
in providing information used to advice irrigators how to improve their system operation. Furrow
irrigation is one of the common methods of applying water to crop in Kobo –Girana irrigation
project. Water use and hydraulic performance parameters evaluation with furrow irrigation
systems tend to be low. Hence, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the existing
hydraulic performance parameters, to optimize furrow irrigation and to determine the optimal
design variables of furrow irrigation at the study area. In this study, field measurements (furrow
geometry, infiltration rate, inflow rate and soil properties) were conducted and used as a primary
data. The field measurements were carried out on four existing furrows in the study area.
The collected data that used as input parameters were analyzed by using SIRMOD and
WinSRFR software models. These software’s models were analyzed from field tests conducted
on 3m wide and 45 m long furrow with slope of 0.2% and inflow rate of 2 l/s. These slope and
inflow rate with required depth was not suited on furrow short length of 45 m under blocked end
boundary condition. These measured input parameters resulted in low application efficiency of
47.65 and 47 % and high deep percolation loss 52.35 and 53 % for SIRMOD and WinSRFR
software respectively. So, in order to optimize the hydraulic performance of furrow irrigation,
the optimum furrow length of (45m, 65m and 100m) and 3m width were selected to realize the
efficiency and uniformity with inflow rates of 6 l/s and 10 l/s at furrow bed slope of 0.1%. Based
on those selected input parameters the optimal output value of application efficiency for furrow
length of (45m, 65m and 100m) were 92%, 90% and 86 % respectively simulated by WinSRFR ;
Similarly the simulation value of application efficiency by SIRMOD model were 93.44%,
91.74% and 86.85; distribution uniformity simulated by WinSRFR were 82%, 92% and 82% and
SIRMOD simulated values were 94.45%, 91.47% and 85.54%; deep percolation simulated value
9 %, 10% and 15% by WinSRFR and 5.5%,7.37% and 12.18 % using SIRMOD model. Hence,
when the irrigators begin to implement furrow irrigation it is good to use optimal design
variables (inflow rate, furrow length, cutoff time and furrow bed slope) to consider management
of irrigation water save and improve hydraulic performance parameters. Based on the
recommendation the two models give good result and can be used both software models for
evaluation and design of furrow irrigation.
Key words: Furrow irrigation; design variables; optimal Performance; WinSRFR; SIRMOD.