Abstract:
In Ethiopia soil erosion and land degradation has become a developmental challenge, because of
roughed and steep slope topography that accelerates the occurrence of soil erosion. The purpose
of this study was to map soil erosion hotspot areas in Temi watershed by using GIS- Based Multi
Criteria decision Analysis (MCDA) model. To achieve such objective, RUSLE model was used
to estimate potential soil losses by utilizing information on soil, land use/cover, topography, and
climatic data. On the other hand, the GIS based MCDA technique considered five major factors
land use, soil type, topographic wetness index, stream power index and potential location of
gullies. The factors were weighted using pair-wise comparison matrix and weights were
combined using Weighted Overlay Tool of ArcGIS Spatial Analyst Toolbox to obtain the final
erosion hotspot map. The average annual soil loss of Temi watershed was reaches up to 280.67
ton ha
-1
yr
-1
. In this watershed 62.8%, 20.7%, 11.74% and 4.76% of the total watershed area
predicted soil loss ranges between (0-15), (15–50), (50–200) and above 200 tonha
-1
respectively.
In Temi watershed 12.17%, 65.7% and 22.13% of the total watershed area was highly,
moderately, slightly sensitive to soil erosion respectively. The watershed was at moderate risk.
Thus, (Cultivated land) bottomlands of the watershed under highly sensitive areas for soil
erosion. Our result will support decision-makers in identifying vulnerable land and promotion of
valid management practices that are suited to particular biophysical niches in highlands of Temi
watershed Ethiopia
Keywords: Erosion hotspot, GIS, MCDA, RUSLE, Temi watershed