This thesis aims at reconstructing the socio-economic condition of peasants in Nonno wäräda from 1974 to 1991. Though few scholars have studied the political history of the wäräda, little is known yet about the socio-economic conditions of the people in the study area. The researcher employed a qualitative approach in the sense that data was collected through library research, key informant interview, and field observation. So as to fill the gaps in scholarly studies, the researcher collected data both from primary and secondary sources. The primary sources for this study are obtained from archival centers of different institutions such as National Archive and Library Agency and Institute of Ethiopian Studies. Beside this, information is also gathered through interview from informants who were willing and had good memories on the past. Moreover, different documents like books, journals, thesis, dissertations, reports and other written materials have been used by the researcher to fill the gap and shape the final thesis. The data that was collected from the above places was selected, crosschecked for its authenticity, and organized before it was analyzed and written in the form of a narrative. The thesis shows how peasants became land owners and the socio-economic changes made by the Därg. It describes the formation of rural associations and the subsequent agrarian reforms of the Därg that dramatically changed the socio-economic life of peasants of Nonno wäräda on one hand and the natural and manmade challenges that had been seen in the study area on the other hand from 1974 to 1991.