Introduction: Vaginal birth after cesarean section is defined as gave birth vaginally in a woman who had previous cesarean delivery. Women who undergoing repeated cesarean delivery have a higher morbidity and mortality rate due to complication associated to cesarean delivery. It has also a great effect on their subsequent pregnancies. Vaginal birth after cesarean delivery is a preferred method to decreased such complications. Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the proportion and associated factors of successful vaginal birth after cesarean section in Bahir Dar city public hospitals, Bahir Dar, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2021. Methods: Institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1-31/2021 among 345 charts of women with one previous cesarean scar and opted to trial of labor from January 1 to December 31/ 2020 in Bahir Dar city public hospitals. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the charts and the data was collected by using structured questionnaires. Data entry and analysis was made using EPI data version 3.1 and SPSS version 25.0 respectively. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses was employed to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratio with confidence interval of 95% and a P value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Result: the proportion of women who had successful vaginal birth after cesarean section found to be 35.1%. Women who had prior successful vaginal birth after cesarean section [AOR =5.10, 95% CI=2.42-10.72], vaginal delivery before cesarean section [AOR=3.88, 95% CI= 2.10-7.19], ruptured membrane [AOR= 2.90, 95% CI= 1.56-5.41], cervical dilatation ≥4cm at admission [AOR= 1.94, 95% CI=1.01-3.70], and low station [AOR= 3.06, 95% CI= 1.58-5.95] were associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean section. Conclusion: Proportion of successful vaginal birth after cesarean section was low. The study identified that past and current obstetrics related factors were associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean section. Therefore, this study indicates that a need to give emphasis on selecting women for vaginal birth after cesarean section based on their past or current obstetric factors is essential. Keywords: Bahir Dar, Cesarean section, Vaginal birth after cesarean section