Ethiopia has a long established agrarian history and tradition which is subsistence and dependent on nature. The interaction of man and the natural environment, in particular has important repercussion in the history of agriculture in Gojjam. The same is true for the peoples-environment interaction in Coqe Mountain, East Gojjam Administrative This thesis attempts to study the 201h century environmental history in Coqe Zone. Mountain. The mountain is known for its rich natural resources and ecological importance. In addition, most of the tributary rivers of the Blue Nile have their sources in this mountain. The thesis has tried to identify the major physical setting, environmental , changes and continuities and environmental attitudes and beliefs of the people. In re­ constructing the environmental history of Coqe Mountain, archival materials from Dabra Marqos University and Ethiopian National Archives and Library Agency, secondary sources, informants, the Ethiopian Metrology Agency and Central Statistic Authority (CSA) have been widely used. In addition, as an overview of current trends and developments,' observation has been given due attention. Lack of effective environmental policies and conservation strategies, compounded with the exploitive tradition of the society, have contributed for the degradation of the natural environment of Coqe Mountain. Before 1950s, in particular, there was no clear policy and concern regarding environmental protection and conservation. Gradually, though not successful, attempts have been extended to protect and conserve the area under study.